Why Are Tracks Shorter When I Upload on Itunes

Musical recording longer than a single but shorter than a full album

Extended-play vinyl record

An extended play record, usually referred to every bit an EP, is a musical recording that contains more tracks than a single simply fewer than an album or LP record.^{[1] [ii] [3]} Contemporary EPs generally incorporate 4 or five tracks, and are considered "less expensive and time-consuming" for an creative person to produce than an anthology.^[iii] An EP originally referred to specific types of records other than 78 rpm standard play (SP) and LP,^[4] merely it is now applied to mid-length CDs and downloads as well.^[five]

Ricardo Baca of The Denver Post said, "EPs—originally extended-play 'unmarried' releases that are shorter than traditional albums—have long been popular with punk and indie bands."^[six] In the United Kingdom, the Official Chart Company defines a boundary between EP and album nomenclature at 25 minutes of maximum length and no more than than four tracks (not counting culling versions of featured songs, if present).^{[1] [two]}

Background [edit]

History [edit]

EPs were released in various sizes in different eras. The primeval multi-track records, issued effectually 1919 by Grey Dupe Records, were vertically cut 78 rpm discs known as "2-in-1" records. These had finer than usual grooves, like Edison Disc Records. By 1949, when the 45 rpm single and 33 1⁄3  rpm LP were competing formats, seven-inch 45 rpm singles had a maximum playing time of only about four minutes per side.

Partly equally an endeavor to compete with the LP introduced in 1948 by rival Columbia, RCA Victor introduced "Extended Play" 45s during 1952. Their narrower grooves, achieved by lowering the cutting levels and audio compression optionally, enabled them to hold up to 7.5 minutes per side—but still be played by a standard 45 rpm phonograph. In the early on era tape companies released the entire content of LPs as 45 rpm EPs.^[7] These were normally ten-inch LPs (released until the mid-1950s) dissever onto ii seven-inch EPs or 12-inch LPs separate onto iii 7-inch EPs, either sold separately or together in gatefold covers. This exercise became much less common with the advent of triple-speed-bachelor phonographs.^{[ citation needed ]}

Introduced by RCA in the US in 1952, EMI issued the first EPs in Britain in Apr 1954.^[seven] EPs were usually compilations of singles or anthology samplers and were typically played at 45 rpm on 7-inch (18 cm) discs, with ii songs on each side.^{[8] [9]} RCA had success in the format with their top coin earner, Elvis Presley, issuing 28 Elvis EPs between 1956 and 1967, many of which topped the divide Billboard EP chart during its brief existence.^{[ citation needed ]} Other than those published by RCA, EPs were relatively uncommon in the The states and Canada, just they were widely sold in the United Kingdom, and in some other European countries, during the 1950s and 1960s. In Sweden EP was for long the most pop record format, with as much as 85% of the market in the late 1950s being EPs.^[10]

Billboard introduced a weekly EP chart in October 1957, noting that "the teen-age market apparently dominates the EP business, with seven out of the top 10 all-time-selling EP's featuring artists with powerful teen-age appeal — iv sets by Elvis Presley, two past Pat Boone and ane by Little Richard".^[11] Record Retailer printed an EP nautical chart in 1960.^{[ citation needed ]} The New Musical Express (NME), Melody Maker, Disc and Music Repeat and the Record Mirror continued to list EPs on their respective singles charts. When the BBC and Record Retailer deputed the British Market Research Bureau (BMRB) to compile a chart it was restricted to singles and EPs disappeared from the listings.^{[ citation needed ]}

The popularity of EPs in the US had declined in the early on 1960s in favour of LPs. In the Uk Cliff Richard and The Shadows, both individually and collectively, and The Beatles were the most prolific artists issuing EPs in the 1960s, many of them highly successful releases. The Beatles' Twist and Shout outsold most singles for some weeks in 1963. The success of the EP in Britain lasted until around 1967, but information technology later had a strong revival with punk rock in the late 1970s and the adaptation of the format for 12" and CD singles.^[12]

Notable EP releases [edit]

Some classical music albums released at the outset of the LP era were also distributed as EP albums—notably, the seven operas that Arturo Toscanini conducted on radio between 1944 and 1954. These opera EPs, originally broadcast on the NBC Radio network and manufactured by RCA, which owned the NBC network then, were made bachelor both in 45 rpm and 33 1⁄3  rpm. In the 1990s, they began appearing on compact discs.^{[ citation needed ]}

During the 1950s, RCA published several EP albums of Walt Disney movies, containing both the story and the songs. These usually featured the original casts of actors and actresses. Each album contained two seven-inch records, plus a fully illustrated booklet containing the text of the recording so that children could follow along by reading. Some of the titles included Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio (1940), and what was then a recent release, the movie version of 20,000 Leagues Under the Body of water that was presented in 1954. The recording and publishing of xx,000 was unusual: information technology did not employ the movie's cast, and years after, a 12 in 33+ ane⁄3  rpm album, with a most identical script, only another different bandage, was sold by Disneyland Records in conjunction with the re-release of the movie in 1963.^{[ citation needed ]}

Because of the popularity of seven" and other formats, SP (78 rpm, 10") records became less popular and the production of SPs in Nippon was suspended in 1963.^{[xiii] [14]}

In the Philippines, seven-inch EPs marketed as "mini-LPs" (simply distinctly dissimilar from the mini-LPs of the 1980s) were introduced in 1970, with tracks selected from an album and packaging resembling the album they were taken from.^[15] This mini-LP format also became popular in America in the early on 1970s for promotional releases, and also for employ in jukeboxes.^[sixteen]

Stevie Wonder included a bonus 4-song EP with his double LP Songs in the Key of Life in 1976. During the 1970s and 1980s, there was less standardization and EPs were fabricated on vii-inch (xviii cm), 10-inch (25 cm) or 12-inch (30 cm) discs running either 33 1⁄3 or 45 rpm. Some novelty EPs used odd shapes and colors, and a few of them were motion-picture show discs.^{[ citation needed ]}

Alice in Chains was the first band to ever have an EP reach number one on the Billboard album nautical chart. Its EP, Jar of Flies, was released on Jan 25, 1994. In 2004, Linkin Park and Jay-Z's collaboration EP, Collision Grade, was the next to reach the number one spot later Alice in Chains. In 2010, the cast of the television serial Glee became the beginning artist to accept 2 EPs reach number one, with Glee: The Music, The Power of Madonna on the week of May 8, 2010, and Glee: The Music, Journey to Regionals on the week of June 26, 2010.^{[ citation needed ]}.

In 2010, Warner Bros. Records revived the format with their "Six-Pak" offering of half dozen songs on a compact disc.^[17]

EPs in the digital and streaming era [edit]

Due to the increased popularity of music downloads and music streaming beginning the belatedly 2000s, EPs accept become a mutual marketing strategy for popular musicians wishing to remain relevant and deliver music in more than consistent timeframes leading to or post-obit full studio albums. In the late 2000s to early on 2010s, reissues of studio albums with expanded track listings were mutual, with the new music oft being released equally stand-alone EPs. In October 2010, a Vanity Fair article regarding the tendency noted post-album EPs equally "the next step in extending albums' shelf lives, following the "deluxe" editions that populated stores during the past few holiday seasons—add a few tracks to the dorsum end of an album and release ane of them to radio, slap on a new coat of paint, and—voila!—a stocking stuffer is born."^[xviii] Examples of such releases include Lady Gaga's The Fame Monster (2009) post-obit her debut album The Fame (2008), and Kesha's Cannibal (2010) following her debut album Animate being (2010).

A 2019 article in Forbes discussing Miley Cyrus' decision to release her and then-upcoming 7th studio album Plastic Hearts as a trilogy of three EPs stated: "By delivering a trio of EPs throughout a flow of several months, Miley is giving her fans more of what they want, but in smaller doses. When an artist drops an album, they run the adventure of it being forgotten in a few weeks, at which point they demand to commencement work on the follow-upwardly, while still promoting and touring their contempo effort. Miley is doing her best to game the arrangement by recording an anthology and delivering it to fans in pieces."^[19] Major-characterization pop musicians who had previously employed such release strategies include Colbie Caillat with her fifth anthology Gypsy Heart (2014) beingness released following an EP of the album'due south starting time v tracks known as Gypsy Heart: Side A 3 months prior to the full anthology; and Jessie J's quaternary studio album R.O.S.E. (2018) which was released as four EPs in as many days entitled R (Realizations), O (Obsessions), South (Sexual practice) and E (Empowerment).

Definition [edit]

The first EPs were vii-inch vinyl records with more tracks than a normal single (typically v to nine of them). Although they shared size and speed with singles, they were a recognizably different format than the seven-inch unmarried. Although they could be named after a atomic number 82 track, they were by and large given a different championship.^[8] Examples include The Beatles' The Beatles' Hits EP from 1963, and The Troggs' Troggs Tops EP from 1966, both of which collected previously released tracks.^[8] The playing time was more often than not between ten and 15 minutes.^[8] They also came in paper-thin picture sleeves at a time when singles were ordinarily issued in paper company sleeves. EPs tended to be anthology samplers or collections of singles. EPs of all original material began to announced in the 1950s. Examples are Elvis Presley'due south Love Me Tender from 1956 and "Merely for You lot", "Peace in the Valley" and "Jailhouse Rock" from 1957, and The Kinks' Kinksize Session from 1964.

Twelve-inch EPs were like, just generally had betwixt three and five tracks and a length of over 12 minutes.^[8] Like seven-inch EPs, these were given titles.^[8] EP releases were as well issued in cassette and x-inch vinyl formats.^[eight] With the advent of the compact disc (CD), more music was ofttimes included on "unmarried" releases, with iv or 5 tracks beingness common, and playing times of up to 25 minutes.^[eight] These extended-length singles became known every bit maxi singles and while commensurate in length to an EP were distinguished by existence designed to feature a single vocal, with the remaining songs considered B-sides, whereas an EP was designed non to characteristic a single vocal, instead resembling a mini album.

EPs of original fabric regained popularity in the punk rock era, when they were normally used for the release of new material, e.g. Buzzcocks' Spiral Scratch EP.^[8] These featured four-track seven-inch singles played at 33 1⁄3  rpm, the virtually common understanding of the term EP.^{[ citation needed ]}

Beginning in the 1980s, many then-called "singles" have been sold in formats with more than two tracks. Because of this, the definition of an EP is not determined only by the number of tracks or the playing time; an EP is typically seen^{[ by whom? ]} equally iv (or more) tracks of equal importance, every bit opposed to a four-track single with an obvious A-side and three B-sides.

In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America, the organization that declares releases "aureate" or "platinum" based on numbers of sales, defines an EP as containing iii to 5 songs or under 30 minutes.^[20] On the other hand, The Recording Academy's rules for Grammy Awards country that any release with v or more different songs and a running time of over 15 minutes is considered an anthology, with no mention of EPs.^[21]

In the U.k., any record with more than four distinct tracks or with a playing time of more than 25 minutes is classified as an anthology for sales-chart purposes. If priced as a single, they will non authorize for the main anthology chart but can appear in the separate Budget Albums chart.^[ii]

An intermediate format between EPs and total-length LPs is the mini-LP, which was a common anthology format in the 1980s. These more often than not contained twenty–30 minutes of music and near seven tracks.^[8]

In underground dance music, vinyl EPs have been a longstanding medium for releasing new material, e.g. Fourteenth Century Sky by The Dust Brothers.

Double EPs [edit]

A double extended play is a name typically given to vinyl records or compact discs released as a fix of two discs, each of which would normally authorize as an EP. The name is thus coordinating to double album. Equally vinyl records, the most common format for the double EP, they consist of a pair of vii-inch discs recorded at 45 or 33 i⁄3 rpm, or 2 12-inch discs recorded at 45 rpm. The format is useful when an album'due south worth of material is being pressed past a small constitute geared for the product of singles rather than albums and may have novelty value which can exist turned to reward for publicity purposes. Double EPs are rare, since the amount of material recordable on a double EP could commonly exist more economically and sensibly recorded on a single vinyl LP.

In the 1950s, Capitol Records had released a number of double EPs by its more pop artists, including Les Paul. The pair of double EPs (EBF 1–577, sides 1 to 8!) were described on the original covers every bit "parts ... of a four-part album".^{[ commendation needed ]} In 1960, Joe Meek released four tracks from his planned I Hear a New World LP on an EP that was marked "Office 1". A second EP was planned, but never appeared; only the sleeve was printed.^[22] The first double EP released in Britain was the Beatles' Magical Mystery Bout film soundtrack.^{[23] [24]} Released in Dec 1967 on EMI'due south Parlophone label, it contained six songs spread over 2 7-inch discs and was packaged with a lavish colour booklet.^[24] In the United states of america and some other countries, the songs were augmented by the band's unmarried A- and B-sides from 1967 to create a total LP – a practice that was mutual in the US but considered exploitative in the UK.^[24] The Mode Council album The Price of Loving was originally issued equally two 12-inch EPs.

It is becoming more than common to release two 12-inch 45s rather than a single 12-inch LP. Though there are xi songs that total near 40 minutes, plenty for one LP, the songs are spread across two 12" 45 rpm discs. Also, the vinyl pressing of Hail to the Thief by Radiohead uses this practise simply is considered to be a full-length album. In 1982 Cabaret Voltaire released their studio album "2x45" on the Great britain-based label Rough Merchandise, featuring extended tracks over 4 sides of two 12-inch 45 rpm discs, with graphics by artist Neville Brody. The band later released a farther album in this format, 1985'due south "Drinking Gasoline", on the Virgin Records characterization.

There are a limited number of double EPs which serve other purposes,^{[ which? ]} nevertheless. An example of this is the Dunedin Double EP, which contains tracks by 4 different bands. Using a double EP in this instance allowed each band to accept its tracks occupying a unlike side. In addition, the groove on the physical tape could be wider and thus permit for a louder album.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Jukebox EP [edit]

A jukebox of 1948
Filben FP-300 Maestro
78 rpm

In the 1960s and 1970s, record companies released EP versions of long-play (LP) albums for use in jukeboxes. These were ordinarily known every bit "compact 33s" or "little LPs". It was played at 33 1⁄3  rpm, was pressed on seven-inch vinyl and oftentimes had every bit many equally six songs. What made them EP-like was that some songs were omitted for time purposes, and the tracks deemed the nearly popular were left on. Unlike most EPs earlier them, and most seven-inch vinyl in full general (pre-1970s), these were issued in stereo.

Biggest selling debut EP all fourth dimension [edit]

The hard stone band Ugly Child Joe holds the record of highest selling debut EP with As Ugly as They Wanna Be, which sold 2 million copies in 1991.^{[25] [26]} In the United Kingdom As Ugly as They Wanna Be was classed as a mini-album, and therefore became their get-go Pinnacle 75 album chart hit, picking at number 9 in 1992.^[27] Where the United kingdom singles charts is concerned (the nautical chart where about EPs charted between the scrapping of the EPs charts and the advent of single rail downloads), the starting time EP to accomplish number i was Excerpts from "The Roussos Phenomenon by Greek singer Demis Roussos, a 4-tracker known for its pb track "Forever and Ever".^{[28] [29]}

See also [edit]

• List of number-1 EPs (UK)

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Austin, Chris; Blyth, Lucy (March 2015). "Rules for Chart Eligibility – Singles" (PDF). Official Charts Visitor. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
2. ^ ^{a b c} Austin, Chris; Blyth, Lucy (March 2015). "Rules for Chart Eligibility – Albums" (PDF). Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
3. ^ ^{a b} Fuhr, Michael (2015). Globalization and Popular Music in Republic of korea: Sounding Out Chiliad-Popular. Routledge. ISBN9781317556909 . Retrieved March 21, 2017. Mini-albums and EPs are shorter than full-length albums and usually contain 4 or v songs [...] They are less expensive and time-consuming in production than albums, and they assistance to popularize new groups who otherwise lack the number of songs required for a full-length album.
4. ^ Maes, Jan; Vercammen, Marc (2001). Digital Audio Technology: A Guide to CD, MiniDisc, SACD, DVD(A), MP3 and DAT (4th ed.). Focal Press. p. two. ISBN9780240516547 . Retrieved June 20, 2014.
5. ^ Malcolm Tatum. "What Is an Extended Play?". wisegeek.
6. ^ Baca, Ricardo (January 4, 2010). "As albums fade away, music industry looks to shorter records". The Denver Mail service. Chattanooga Times Complimentary Press. Retrieved July 21, 2010.
7. ^ ^{a b} Richard Osborne Vinyl: A History of the Analogue Record, Routledge 2016, p.106
8. ^ ^{a b c d eastward f g h i j} Strong, Martin C. (2002). The Peachy Rock Discography (6th ed.). Canongate. ISBN978-1-84195-312-0.
9. ^ Shuker, Roy (2005). "Singles; EPs". Popular Music: The Key Concepts. Routledge. p. 246. ISBN978-0-415-34770-9 . Retrieved June xx, 2014.
10. ^ Leif Aulin & Pontus von Tell British Beat in Sweden. The Original Vinyls 1957-1969 Premium Publishing ISBN 978-91-89136-threescore-1
11. ^ June Bundy Billboard Adds to Popular Nautical chart Score: New Service Comprehend Weekly Listing of EP All-time-sellers; Album Box Score Billboard 7 October 1957
12. ^ Dave Thompson "EPs – Albums on Installment Plans" The Music Lover's Guide to Record Collecting, Hal Leonard Corporation 2002
13. ^ "A brief description of the Japanese recording industry 2000" (PDF). Recording Industry Association of Nippon. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2004.
14. ^ レコード産業界の歴史 1960年～1969年 [The History of The Tape Industry 1960–1969] (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Nippon. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
15. ^ Salazar, Oskar (June 13, 1970). "Philippines Gets Offset Mini-LP". Billboard. pp. 80–81.
16. ^ "7-in. LP Growing Concept". Billboard. March 25, 1972. p. 39.
17. ^ Price, Deborah Evans (February three, 2010). "Another Body Blow For Albums: Warner To Launch New 6-Pak Format". Billboard . Retrieved February 3, 2010.
18. ^ "With Ke$ha, Gaga, and Taylor Swift, It's All About the Art of the Tease". Vanity Fair. twenty October 2010. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
19. ^ "3 Reasons Miley Cyrus' New Album Rollout Programme Is Brilliant". Forbes. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
20. ^ "Nearly the Awards – RIAA". Recording Industry Clan of America.
21. ^ "Awards Process Updates". The Recording University. July 8, 2015.
22. ^ Beta, Andy (5 April 2013). "Joe Meek: I Hear a New World Album Review". Pitchfork . Retrieved 27 August 2019.
23. ^ Larkin, Colin (2006). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (quaternary edn) . London: Oxford University Press. p. 488. ISBN978-0-19-531373-4.
24. ^ ^{a b c} Neaverson, Bob (1997). The Beatles Movies. London: Cassell. pp. 53–54. ISBN978-0-304337965. Archived from the original on 2 October 2009 – via beatlesmovies.co.uk (chapter: "Magical Mystery Tour Role one – Groundwork and Production").
25. ^ "Ugly Kid Joe Biography". UglyKidJoe.internet. Retrieved Baronial x, 2019.
26. ^ Drever, Andrew (November 29, 2017). "Ugly Kid Joe get last laugh on haters after all these years". The Sydney Morning time Herald. Retrieved August x, 2019.
27. ^ "UGLY KID JOE | full Official Nautical chart History | Official Charts Company". OfficialCharts.com.
28. ^ "392. Demis Roussos - Excerpts from 'The Roussos Phenomenon' (EP)". 12 July 2021.
29. ^ "DEMIS ROUSSOS | total Official Nautical chart History | Official Charts Company". OfficialCharts.com.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_play

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